Shaft alignment is an important technique during installation and maintenance of a rotating machine. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. The main purpose of shaft alignment is to make sure that the center line of the motor rotor shaft coincides with the center line of the driven machinery i. If the stem is at an angle, it increases the length of. This workbook is primarily used as a training guide for people attending shaft alignment training courses and then, hopefully as a field guide for the tradesperson, technician, foreman, and engineer doing machinery alignment in the field. Dial indicators are most commonly graduated in thousandths of an inch 0. It is designed for millwrights, repair technicians, supervisors, and engineers who must become proficient in alignment techniques, correct soft foot problems and troubleshoot complex alignment. This subject will be dealt with in a detailed manner. Fixturlasers shaft alignment products are available in more than 70 countries.
This course delivers comprehensive knowledge of the principles of machinery shaft alignment and the various methods to measure and correct alignment, with emphasis on laser shaft alignment technology. The basic coupling shaft alignment trainer is designed based on the dimensions of a common ansi centrifugal pump, and allows for training using all common alignment techniques and tools. Nov 19, 2019 coupling alignment results using fixturlaser xa laser shaft alignment system. Although couplings exist to reduce the need for perfect alignment, for the most part it is critical for the driver and the driven within machine drives to be aligned to ensure coupling. The alignment training is suitable for technicians undertaking machine alignment, coupling alignment, motor alignmnet, pump alignment, etc. Shaft alignment is the positioning of the rotational centers of two or more shafts such that they are colinear when the machines are under normal operating conditions. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and. The original function of a flexible coupling was to accommodate the small amounts of shaft misalignment remaining after the completion of a shaft alignment using a straight edge or feeler gauges.
Standard industry norms for alignment tolerances are cited in table 1. Practical alignment tools and techniques bruce lehmann sr. Read the article to know more about shaft alignment method and techniques. The students in the basiclevel 1 course will learn about the importance of alignment, how to. Laser alignment system shaft alignment tool tksa 41 skf. The shaft alignment training course provides a highly practical knowledge of the use of dial gauge in coupling alignment.
Laser alignment procedure university of southern california. Shaft misalignment is the usual culprit behind high levels of machine vibrations and premature bearing fatigue. If the movable shaft is above the horizontal stationary shaft reference line the shaft is too high. Engineer, thin kerf technologies inc accurate sawing requires attention to proper alignment and maintenance. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and machine. Proper shaft alignment is not dictated by the total indicator reading tir of the coupling hubs or the shafts, but rather by the proper centers of rotation of the shaft. In practice, proper alignment is difficult to achieve without using alignment equipment such as dial indicators or laser alignment tools. Alignment is critical to modem sawmills using thin kerf saws. For example, the only correct way to express shaftalignment tolerances is in terms of alignment conditions at the coupling, and we will describe several ways to do this.
Nov 19, 2015 as found shaft alignment results figure 1. I have tried to keep the text to a minimum and portray as many of the. If, on the other hand, you update your knowledge of shaft alignment techniques and acceptable alignment tolerances, you might be on the way to becoming more reliabilityfocused. Selection and use of a commercial package designed to accommodate a variety of shaft diameters is recommended. Jun 20, 2015 shaft alignment is process of position two or more shafts that centre lines of rotating shafts, form a single line when the machines are working at normal. Taking the squint out of shaft alignment techniques. The purpose of this document is to provide guidance for vertical shaft alignment including when alignment procedures should be considered, and therefore, all information in this document is presented as plain text as required. When operated with a relatively large offset, time to failure due to. With two wireless measurement units, large sized detectors and powerful lasers, the instrument performs precise measurements in even the most challenging conditions. Skf shaft alignment tool tksa 51 instruction and demonstration duration. Aim to have all soft foot readings within 2 mils thou.
When operated with a relatively large offset, time to failure due to shaft misalignment too 10 2. Achieving proper alignment, however, involves much more than merely adjustment the machines so that the shafts are coaxial. This will be indicated by too much clearance under the landside of the back bottom. Eugene vogel has worked in the machinery repair industry for more than 30 years, specializing in vibration analysis of rotating equipment. The laser shaft alignment system with enhanced measuring and reporting the tksa 41 is an advanced laser alignment solution for achieving accurate shaft alignments. Shaft aligning techniques shaft alignment by conventional method shaft alignment by dial test indicator dti shaft alignment by using laser equipment shaft alignment by using computer. Shaft alignment is one of the major problems related to machinery with shaft coupling.
The rotating equipment machine shaft coupling alignment training course will cover several alignment methodstechniques like straight edge, rim face alignment and reverse dial indicator alignment procedure. Facilities instructions, standards, and techniques volume 21. So it stands to reason that the better the alignment, the longer the coupling life. You will be introduced to the five primary alignment measurement methods. When interpreting the graph to determine the movable shaft s front and rear feet positions in the ertical plane, observe the following rules. A static condition observed at the bearings supporting the propulsion shafts. A variety of shaft alignment fixtures are available for performing rimface alignment. However, the task of shaft allignment can be made easy by following a few guidelines. You will learn how to recognize misalignment and successfully set up the alignment job. It is not intended as a comprehensive guide to alignment of process machinery, nor is it a substitute for seeking professional advice or. Pdf basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin.
Operative techniques for intramedullary nailing of the comminuted, diaphyseal femur fracture introduction shortened and rotationally unstable femoral shaft fractures can be extremely challenging even for the very experienced. The participant is able to learnbydoing in the course. The basic couplingshaft alignment trainer is designed based on the dimensions of a common ansi centrifugal pump, and allows for training using all common alignment techniques and tools. Shaft misalignment is responsible for as much as 50 percent of all costs related to rotating machinery breakdowns.
Continuing education units ceus and contact hours upon completion of this training program, the attendee will receive a certificate of completion with 8 contact hours. Pdf a laser shaft alignment by ipspsds for rotary machine. That is, the alignment between the engine and the propeller shaft. Module 4 precision maintenance techniques for machinery. With each element having adjustment capabilities to create unique alignment problems, this learning system offers a complete training experience in this. If the alignment is done by vendor or manufacturer, please mention that in laser standard operating procedure lsop. The fixtures should include an assortment of rods to span various coupling lengths. The data validity rule 1 shown in following equation. Nearly all marine engines are designed to be adjustable, to a point, relative to the propeller shaft, using adjustment or jacking nuts on their motor mounts. Ntt recommends a class of no more than 12 participants for the best results. A good static alignment is required for troublefree dynamic operation of the propulsion shafting. Basic couplingshaft alignment trainer industrial skills. Dial gauge alignment procedure in covered with detailed animation.
Shaft alignment is process of position two or more shafts that centre lines of rotating shafts, form a single line when the machines are working at normal. The major topics in this tutorial will discuss the basic roughing in techniques for your initial alignment of machinery. Shaft alignment methods explained bright hub engineering. If the movable shaft is below the horizontal stationary shaft reference line, the shaft is too low.
In fact, the improvements in machine design were critical to the development of thin kerf sawing systems. Combine laser and computer software technology with your handson skills to help with shaft alignment. We suggest the following one day classroom alignment training class on rotating equipment alignment practice. Jan 18, 2009 skf shaft alignment tool tksa 51 instruction and demonstration duration. Orthopaedic surgeons taking trauma call should have the necessary. Shaft aligning procedure preliminary checks visually check coupling, pipe hangers, base bolts, coupling spacing etc. For example, the only correct way to express shaft alignment tolerances is in terms of alignment conditions at the coupling, and we will describe several ways to do this. It is calculated, conducted and verified when the system is at rest. Continuing education units ceus and contact hours upon completion of this training program, the attendee will receive a certificate of completion with 8.
Facilities instructions, standards, and techniques volume. Several equipment alignment methods, especially the reverse dial indicator method, which is the principle used in laser alignment is covered in explicit detail. Dec 01, 2002 shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. To keep standard rotating machines running smoothly, industrial maintenance personnel must stay updated with various alignment tools and methods. Ol2r measurement of thermal growth shaft alignment with the vertizontal process. Proper alignment of rotating equipment has a long been recognized as a prerequisite to safe, reliable operation. When mounting a dial indicator to the shaft or coupling to be measured, it is important to position the stem as close to perpendicular 90 relative to the surface being measured as possible. Care has been taken by the authors, pruftechnik ltd, in the preparation of this publication. For the above question, most supervisors and engineers would immediately respond, we alwaysonly use proven, tested alignment methods techniques procedure and our technicians are well trained to handle any difficult alignment requirement. It is not intended as a comprehensive guide to alignment of process machinery, nor is it a substitute for seeking professional advice or reference to the manufacturers of the machinery. Proper shaft alignment is especially critical when the motor is operated at high speeds.
Laser alignment procedure lab information pi name location of laser serial number and laser class instructions complete this form if your lab is responsible for laser beam alignment. The bent shaft affects alignment process by showing improper reading. Cardan offset shaft alignment shaft alignment training. The present disclosure is directed to a shaft alignment tool including a base, a rotational body mounted on the base for relative rotation with respect to the base, and an alignment meter coupled to the rotational body. Precision shaft alignment special techniques seminar synopsis. It slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. With feeler gauge find obvious gaps and fill them with shims, taking care of any rough soft foot condition. For two shafts to be called aligned, their shaft centerlines need to coincide. The alignment of shaft with the bearing and housing, which is a manufacturing tolerance stackup of the bearing parts and the housing bores and faces. Downloads fixturlasershaft alignment and geometric. An alternate method focusses on the actual work done by the flexible coupling to accommodate shaft to shaft misalignment. If, on the other hand, you update your knowledge of shaftalignment techniques and acceptable alignment tolerances, you might be on the way to becoming more reliabilityfocused.
Oct 12, 2017 the major topics in this tutorial will discuss the basic roughing in techniques for your initial alignment of machinery. Shaft alignment is the process whereby two or more machines typically a motor and pump are positioned such that at the point of power transfer. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. These packages expedite the precision alignment process. At best this alignment method can be described as coupling alignment not shaft alignment as defined earlier. Our representatives are all engineers and technicians with special knowledge and training in the latest measurement and alignment techniques. How is the alignment job done in your plant, by proventested alignment procedure and methods or by trial and error. Coupling alignment results using fixturlaser xa laser shaft alignment system.
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